Fern Mill, Huddersfield - April 2016
This is a humble little mill in the town centre I visited on my bill. Not the greatest thing you'll see today - especially as my already underexposed 35mm photos were scratched by an incompetent Asda employee before scanning - but there was a nice surprise find awaiting me inside.
The local rag stated recently that this mill was 'originally used as a canalside warehouse after it was built at the end of the 1800s', and it does indeed appear named on an 1890 map of the town. But they also spoke to Huddersfield historian, Alan Brooke, and he believes it may have once been called Readfearn's Mill, which changed hands several times. If Alan is correct, and it seems feasible to me, the mill probably dates back beyond the Examiner's estimate to around 1860.
He said: “I can’t make an issue of its history since I don’t know it for sure but it is in the same place of Fern Mills. From what I recollect it is of no great architectural merit, nevertheless, if it was demolished it would be another sad loss of for our much diminished textile industrial heritage. This is essential to the character of the town, especially if it also has a canal link.”
I've not managed to find a great deal of information on Fern Mill from the twentieth century, other than it was struck by a fire in 1908. Before becoming unoccupied, the previous owners were Beevers and Barrett Ltd, a cardboard packagers. The company was set up on 01 Jan 1946, although I don't know if they resided here from then. Beevers and Barrett went bust in 2002. For as long as I can remember, the mill has been derelict and in a sorry looking state. From the canal footpath you can seen through the empty window bays, and it just appears totally gutted. Therefore, I'd always forgiven myself for overlooking it as having any real potential.
However, over the past couple of years I've been increasingly spurred on by my local environs, as just when you think you've seen most of what it's got to offer, little surprises and new leads appear from under your nose. Recently I noticed 'For Sale' signs replaced with 'Sold at Auction' signs, and given that I've had some luck in the town of late, I found myself nearby, on a sunny day, with a camera (and some cans) and I made the effort to at least finally see what's what before the opportunity was lost.
Initially, I thought this was going to be a doddle, but after climbing into the internal courtyard it became apparent that, barring a couple of empty rooms on the ground floor, the upper floors of the main mill were going to be a bit more difficult than I had anticipated, and at first I was stumped. Eventually, and somewhat reluctantly, I realised there was only one way, and not a particularly fun one. After a very drawn out and awkward climb, a tight squeeze and a broken-glass-finger-slicing episode, I finally got inside and was immediately treated for my efforts...
This is a "Diamond" Guillotine made by the firm Dawson, Payne and Elliott Ltd, Otley. The firm has quite some heritage:
The firm were still producing these particular machines up into the 1950s - so we have a thirty-year window there with which to date this behemoth.
The rest of the premises was largely empty, other than for the presence of dozens of dead pigeons that had been quite grotesquely ripped open and gutted. At first I thought it was probably foxes, until I got to the top floors and was startled by a sizeable sparrowhawk swooping past my head. Mystery solved.
A few little signs knocking about too, but the unexpected prize of the guillotine, and the remarkable history of the company who produced it, was good enough for me to feel pleased I'd at least checked it out before it was too late.
This is a humble little mill in the town centre I visited on my bill. Not the greatest thing you'll see today - especially as my already underexposed 35mm photos were scratched by an incompetent Asda employee before scanning - but there was a nice surprise find awaiting me inside.
The local rag stated recently that this mill was 'originally used as a canalside warehouse after it was built at the end of the 1800s', and it does indeed appear named on an 1890 map of the town. But they also spoke to Huddersfield historian, Alan Brooke, and he believes it may have once been called Readfearn's Mill, which changed hands several times. If Alan is correct, and it seems feasible to me, the mill probably dates back beyond the Examiner's estimate to around 1860.
REDFEARN’S MILLS (Leeds Road)
1859 - Lease. 99 years, from Ramsden.
1861 - 31 Jul : To let room and power, finishing machinery including Lewis cross cut, apply Wm Roberts , mungo merchant, Half Moon St.
1864 - 16 Jan: J S Redfearn, two rooms to let, 10x 6 yds, Redfearn’s Mill Leeds Rd.
1866 - 19 May: ‘Readfearn’s Mill’, Wm Jessop occupier, machinery to be sold.
1867 - 2 Feb: John Dawson, Joshua Parkin and James Greenwood, woollen manufacturers, dissolution of partnership. Business carried on by Joshua Parkin.
1871 - 7 Jan HC 14 Jan: ‘Readfearn’s Mill’, Leeds Rd and bottom of Northumberland St. Henry Land giving up business, finishing machinery to be sold.
1874 - 21 Mar: John Readfern & Sons, occupier of 4 storey mill, 14hp beam steam engine.
- 9 May: J.W.Readfern & Sons, (Joe Wm and John Shaw Readfearn), bankrupt.
- 6 Jun: mohair warps.
1881 - 18 Jun, mill and machinery to be sold. 310 feet frontage to Leeds Rd and almost same to canal. (Also Waterloo Mill).
He said: “I can’t make an issue of its history since I don’t know it for sure but it is in the same place of Fern Mills. From what I recollect it is of no great architectural merit, nevertheless, if it was demolished it would be another sad loss of for our much diminished textile industrial heritage. This is essential to the character of the town, especially if it also has a canal link.”
I've not managed to find a great deal of information on Fern Mill from the twentieth century, other than it was struck by a fire in 1908. Before becoming unoccupied, the previous owners were Beevers and Barrett Ltd, a cardboard packagers. The company was set up on 01 Jan 1946, although I don't know if they resided here from then. Beevers and Barrett went bust in 2002. For as long as I can remember, the mill has been derelict and in a sorry looking state. From the canal footpath you can seen through the empty window bays, and it just appears totally gutted. Therefore, I'd always forgiven myself for overlooking it as having any real potential.
However, over the past couple of years I've been increasingly spurred on by my local environs, as just when you think you've seen most of what it's got to offer, little surprises and new leads appear from under your nose. Recently I noticed 'For Sale' signs replaced with 'Sold at Auction' signs, and given that I've had some luck in the town of late, I found myself nearby, on a sunny day, with a camera (and some cans) and I made the effort to at least finally see what's what before the opportunity was lost.
Initially, I thought this was going to be a doddle, but after climbing into the internal courtyard it became apparent that, barring a couple of empty rooms on the ground floor, the upper floors of the main mill were going to be a bit more difficult than I had anticipated, and at first I was stumped. Eventually, and somewhat reluctantly, I realised there was only one way, and not a particularly fun one. After a very drawn out and awkward climb, a tight squeeze and a broken-glass-finger-slicing episode, I finally got inside and was immediately treated for my efforts...
This is a "Diamond" Guillotine made by the firm Dawson, Payne and Elliott Ltd, Otley. The firm has quite some heritage:
By 1921, the company was part of Dawson, Payne and Elliott Ltd, after the competing firms of the original pioneers were amalgamated following the upheavals of working through the First World War.The first Wharfedale Machine, which revolutionised the printing industry more than a hundred and fifty years ago, was built in 1856; thousands were built subsequently.
At the time of its invention, engineers throughout the world were seeking ways of modernising the printing press. Little progress had been made since Gutenberg printed his famous Bible on a wooden press in Germany in 1454.
The first major improvement came with the introduction of the cylinder which, when used in conjunction with a flat bed, offered many advantages over the traditional method of printing from two flat surfaces. However, it was the inventive genius of David Payne, of Otley, that was responsible for the real breakthrough: a stop-cylinder machine with a travelling bed that could deliver print without having to be stopped. Payne had been taken on by another Otley man, William Dawson, in a little back-street joiner’s shop.
Soon afterwards, they collaborated in building the new Ulverstonian printing machine for its inventor, Mr Stephen Soulby. There seems little doubt that it was during this project that Payne's fertile brain conceived the stop-cylinder principle that, within the next few years was to have such a shattering impact on the industry.
Indeed, there is evidence to suggest that the machine may have been invented as early as 1851. The story being that, when the Payne family were moving house in that year, one of the Payne's sons was shown a drawing of what turned out to be the first Wharfedale. The drawing was done on the headboard of a bed which his father kept covered for fear that someone might discover his secret.
For a time, Dawson and Payne simply called their revolutionary new machine 'Our Own Kind' and made no effort to take out patents. Inevitably, this led to it being widely copied by other firms both in England and overseas.
Not content with copying the machine, a good many firms even went to the lengths of recruiting Dawson men to show them how to build it. At one time, it was estimated that half the firms making the Wharfedale employed men who, at some time or other had worked for Dawson in Otley.
For half a century, the Wharfedale dominated world markets and it continued to be manufactured right up to modern times.
The firm were still producing these particular machines up into the 1950s - so we have a thirty-year window there with which to date this behemoth.
The rest of the premises was largely empty, other than for the presence of dozens of dead pigeons that had been quite grotesquely ripped open and gutted. At first I thought it was probably foxes, until I got to the top floors and was startled by a sizeable sparrowhawk swooping past my head. Mystery solved.
A few little signs knocking about too, but the unexpected prize of the guillotine, and the remarkable history of the company who produced it, was good enough for me to feel pleased I'd at least checked it out before it was too late.
Out of the rural Wharfedale market town of Otley in the mid-nineteenth century emerged a remarkable industrial revolution. This is the story of a young joiner, William Dawson, who was to found the printer's engineering industry - an enterprise which by the end of the century would employ over 2,000 local men.
Dawson's success was due to the inventive skills of David Payne, the man who devised the 'Wharfedale' stop-cylinder press which by 1900 became the staple production of seven Otley firms. The Wharfedale was a high quality and durable machine which met the 19th Century demands for cheap printed literature in burgeoning British and colonial markets.
Out of the original workshops walked a multitude of skilled engineers who famous names and innovations would print world wide for generations - a classic story of men and machines, of growth and decline in industrial England.
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